All publications
All CRRU publications are available for free download: follow the title link from the list below. PDF attachments can be accessed from each publication page. Print copies of publications are no longer available. Contact us for more information.
CITATION
When referencing any CRRU publications please use the following citation format:
Last name, Initial., Last name, Initial., & Last name, Initial. (YEAR). Name of publication. Toronto, ON: Childcare Resource and Research Unit.
ECEC in Canada
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2023 (14th edition, 28 Aug 2024)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2023: Summary and analysis (EN & FR) ( 28 Aug 2024)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2021 (13th edition, 29 Apr 2023)
- A summary of the Canada-wide early learning and child care agreements and action plans (2nd edition, 28 Apr 2023)
- Summary and analysis of key findings: ECEC 2021 and beyond ( 28 Apr 2023)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada: Background information (Originally developed September 10, 2018. Updated July 15, 2020 & April 24, 2023, 27 Apr 2023)
- ECEC in Canada 2019: Summary and analysis of key findings ( 15 Feb 2021)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2019 (12th Edition, 17 Dec 2020)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2016 (11th Edition, 29 Apr 2018)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2014 (10th edition, 30 Dec 2015)
- Preliminary data: Early childhood education and care in Canada 2014 ( 30 Sep 2015)
- The state of early childhood education and care in Canada 2012 ( 19 Jun 2014)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2012 (9th edition, 27 Aug 2013)
- The state of early childhood education and care in Canada 2010: Trends and analysis ( 4 Feb 2013)
- Public investments in early childhood education and care in Canada 2010 ( 14 Oct 2012)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2008 (8th edition, 31 May 2009)
- Child care space statistics 2007 ( 29 Feb 2008)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2006 (7th edition, 31 May 2007)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2004 (6th edition, 30 Apr 2005)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2001 (5th edition, 9 Feb 2003)
- Early childhood care and education in Canada: Provinces and territories 1998 (4th edition, 30 Jul 2000)
BRIEFing NOTES
- What direction now? Ontario’s Funding and Management Guidelines for 2023 and beyond ( 19 Oct 2022)
- Advocating to ensure governments make affordable child care available for all is a collective responsibility ( 17 Aug 2022)
- Early learning and child care in the 2021 federal budget ( 26 Apr 2021)
- Proposed changes to Canadian maternity and parental leave - October 2016 ( 19 Oct 2016)
- Proposed changes to child care regulations - Ontario 2016 ( 6 Mar 2016)
- Fact or fiction? Seven persistent myths about child care ( 3 Nov 2014)
- Getting less bang for the child care buck – all $6.8 billion of them ( 14 Oct 2014)
- What does the research say about multi-age grouping for infants, toddlers and preschoolers? ( 11 Feb 2014)
- Proposed changes to child care regulations - Ontario 2014 ( 21 Jan 2014)
- Characteristics of unregulated child care by province/territory ( 28 Nov 2013)
- The $17.5 billion question: Has the Universal Child Care Benefit given families “choice in child care”? ( 14 Oct 2013)
- Research evidence on selected aspects of for-profit/non-profit child care programs: A bibliography. ( 31 Oct 2011)
- What research says about quality in for-profit, non-profit and public child care ( 31 Oct 2011)
- Ratios for four and five year olds: What does the research say? What else is important? ( 31 May 2009)
- From vision to action: Early childhood education and care in 2020 ( 31 Oct 2008)
- Why Canada can’t work without good child care: How early childhood education and care supports the economy ( 31 Aug 2008)
- Early learning and child care: How does Canada measure up? ( 30 Sep 2006)
- Canada-wide spending on early childhood education and care 2005/2006 ( 31 Aug 2006)
- It was twenty years ago today... March 8, 1986 (FR & EN, 7 Mar 2006)
- The state of the national child care program and provincial/territorial contexts, March 2006 ( 28 Feb 2006)
- Fact and fantasy: Eight myths about early childhood education and care - Summary (EN & FR, 30 Jul 2005)
- Quality targets in services for young children: Summary ( 31 Oct 2004)
- OECD thematic review of Canadian early childhood education and care: Highlights from the recommendations ( 30 Sep 2004)
- Is child care a good public investment? ( 31 Jul 2004)
- Is child care a good public investment? (EN & FR, 28 Feb 2003)
- Early childhood education and care in Canada 2001: Summary (EN & FR, 31 Jul 2002)
- Ontario’s spending for regulated child care, 1942-2001 ( 31 May 2002)
- Child care by default or design? An exploration of differences between non-profit and for-profit Canadian child care centres using the You Bet I Care! data sets (EN & FR, 31 May 2002)
- Building a firm foundation for lifelong learning: The importance of early childhood education and care ( 6 Feb 2002)
- Is this as good as it gets? Child care as a test case for assessing the Social Union Framework Agreement ( 3 Feb 2002)
- Targeting early childhood care and education: Myths and realities - Executive summary ( 31 Jul 2001)
- Executive summary: Starting strong - early education and care. Report on an OECD Thematic Review ( 31 Jul 2001)
- Early childhood development services: How much will they cost? ( 31 May 2000)
- More than the sum of the parts: An early childhood development system for Canada ( 31 May 2000)
- Fact sheets and summaries ( 31 May 1997)
Occasional paper series
- Canada's child care workforce (Occasional paper 35, 17 Nov 2021)
- Risky business: Child care ownership in Canada past, present and future (Occasional paper 34, 30 Jun 2021)
- Struggles and sit-ins: The early years of Campus Community Co-operative Day Care Centre and child care in Canada ( 30 Jun 2021)
- Federal funding supporting Canadian early learning and child care advocacy, research and capacity building 1988 – 2007 (Occasional paper 32, 17 Nov 2020)
- A bad bargain for us all: Why the market doesn’t deliver child care that works for Canadian children and families (Occasional paper 31, 30 May 2019)
- Child care can't wait till the cows come home: Rural child care in the Canadian context (Occasional paper 30, 29 Sep 2015)
- Work around the clock: A snapshot of non-standard hours child care in Canada (Occasional paper 29, 13 Sep 2015)
- Background paper on unregulated child care for the Home child care: More than a home project (Occasional paper 28, 23 Jun 2015)
- Inclusion of young children with disabilities in regulated child care in Canada. A snapshot: Research, policy and practice (Occasional paper 27, 9 Jul 2013)
- Childcare markets: Do they work? (Occasional paper 26, 14 Feb 2012)
- A matter of choice: A critical discourse analysis of ECEC policy in Canada's 2006 federal election (Occasional paper 25, 13 Dec 2011)
- Innovations in provincial early learning curriculum frameworks (Occasional paper 24, 14 Apr 2010)
- Can early childhood education and care help keep Canada’s promise of respect for diversity? (Occasional paper 23, 14 Jan 2010)
- Canadian early learning and child care and the Convention on the Rights of the Child (Occasional paper 22, 14 Jun 2006)
- For-profit child care: Past, present and future (Occasional paper 21 [EN & FR], 14 Oct 2005)
- The OECD and the reconciliation agenda: Competing blueprints (Occasional paper 20, 14 Jul 2005)
- ‘Choice’ discourse in BC child care: Distancing policy from research (Occasional paper 19, 14 Sep 2004)
- Child care by default or design? An exploration of differences between non-profit and for-profit Canadian child care centres using the You Bet I Care! data sets (Occasional paper 18, 14 Aug 2002)
- Reforming Québec's early childhood care and education: The first five years (Occasional paper 17 [EN & FR], 14 Apr 2002)
- An integrated approach to early childhood education and care: A preliminary study (Occasional paper 16, 14 Jan 2002)
- Targeting early childhood care and education: Myths and realities (Occasional paper 15, 14 Aug 2001)
- Women, citizenship and Canadian child care policy in the 1990s (Occasional paper 13, 14 Mar 2001)
- More than the sum of the parts: An early childhood development system for Canada (Occasional paper 12, 14 Oct 2000)
- Child care and Canadian federalism in the 1990s: Canary in a coal mine (Occasional paper 11, 14 Aug 2000)
- How should we care for babies and toddlers? An analysis of practice in out-of-home care for children under three (Occasional paper 10, 14 Jun 1999)
- Neo-conservatism and child care services in Alberta: A case study (Occasional paper 9, 14 Jan 1997)
- Theorizing political difference in Toronto’s postwar child care movement (Occasional paper 8, 14 Jan 1996)
- The great child care debate: The long-term effects of non-parental child care (Occasional paper 7, 14 Jan 1996)
- A sociological examination of the child care auspice debate (Occasional paper 6, 14 Jan 1995)
- Child care: Canada can’t work without it (Occasional paper 5, 14 Jan 1995)
- Rural child care in Ontario (Occasional paper 4, 14 Jan 1994)
- Proceedings from the Child Care Policy and Research Symposium (Occasional paper 2, 14 Sep 1993)
- Work-related child care in context: A study of work-related child care in Canada (Occasional paper 3, 14 Feb 1993)
- Child care for Canadian children and families (Occasional paper 1, 14 Jan 1993)
Other publications
- Child care for whom? A background paper for the Inclusive child care for all project ( 13 Nov 2023)
- A summary of the Canada-Wide Early Learning and Child Care Agreements and Action Plans ( 24 Nov 2022)
- More than spaces: Creating universal child care in Norway ( 12 Apr 2022)
- Assessing child care needs and forecasting demand ( 21 Mar 2022)
- Developing non-standard hours child care ( 9 Mar 2022)
- How municipal roles in child care contribute to accessibility ( 22 Feb 2022)
- Building capacity in the non-profit child care sector ( 16 Feb 2022)
- How publicly delivered child care services contribute to accessibility ( 9 Feb 2022)
- How child care services are created in Canada ( 31 Jan 2022)
- Moving from private to public processes: A series on creating child care in Canada ( 30 Jan 2022)
- One year later: Follow up results from a survey on COVID-19 and child care in Canada ( 19 Jan 2022)
- Non-standard work and child care in Canada: A challenge for parents, policy makers, and child care provision ( 30 Jun 2021)
- Moving from private to public processes to create child care in Canada ( 6 Dec 2020)
- Canadian child care: Preliminary results from a national survey during the COVID-19 pandemic ( 2 Jul 2020)
- The pandemic experience has created an uncertain future for Canadian child care services: Highlights of a national survey ( 4 Jun 2020)
- 30 quick facts about Canadian ECEC: Trends & analysis 2008 ( 14 Sep 2009)
- Ratios/class sizes for four and five year olds in ECEC programs: Do we know what’s too big and what’s too small, what’s just right, and what other factors make a difference? ( 1 Feb 2009)
- Broadening and deepening our understanding of quality: Working toward inclusion and equity ( 14 Feb 2008)
- Trends & Analysis 2007: Early childhood education and care in Canada 2006 ( 14 Dec 2007)
- Trends & Analysis: Early childhood education and care in Canada 2004 (EN & FR, 14 May 2005)
- Quality in early learning and child care services: Papers from the European Commission Childcare Network ( 14 Oct 2004)
- The state of data on early childhood education and care in Canada: National Data Project final report ( 14 Jul 2003)
- Fact and fantasy: Eight myths about early childhood education and care ( 14 Jul 2003)
- Making the best use of the You Bet I Care! data sets ( 14 Apr 2002)
- Advancing early childhood care and education in Canada and the U.S, the U.K. and Australia: An international symposium ( 14 Apr 1998)
- The benefits and costs of good child care: The economic rationale for public investment in young children (EN & FR, 14 Jan 1998)
- Assessing community need for child care: Resource material for conducting community needs assessments ( 14 Apr 1994)
- Flexible child care in Canada: A report on child care for evenings, overnight and weekends, emergencies and ill children, and in rural areas ( 4 Apr 1994)
Quality by design
- Quality by design: What do we know about quality in early learning and child care, and what do we think? A literature review. ( 14 Jan 2006)
- Elements of a high quality early learning and child care system (EN & FR, 14 Sep 2005)
- Child care fee subsidies in Canada ( 14 Jun 2005)
- Child care centre physical environments ( 14 Jan 2005)
Video
- Quality child care in focus: What parents should look for (Length: 27min 30sec, 15 Feb 2013)
- Des services de garde de qualité, ça ressemble à quoi? (20m 37s, 2 Feb 2013)
- In the public interest: The social and economic benefits of high quality child care (Length: 22min 15sec, 14 Jun 1997)
- Dans l'interêt de la population. La garde à l'enfance de qualité ses retombées positives. (Length: 22min 9sec, 14 Jun 1997)
- Good childcare, healthy childcare (Length: 10 min 38 sec, 14 Jun 1995)
- Child care by design (Length: 24min 28sec, 14 Jun 1995)